Doritos Super Bowl Commercial Campaign Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Doritos Super Bowl Commercial Campaign - Essay Example The Doritos’ Super Bowl campaign gives insights on what innovative organizations can do to make their marketing more effective and capture the attention of consumers in the market. Designed by Frito-Lay, the campaign is an online competition run annually, which gives consumers the chance to create their Doritos advertisements and the best aired in the Super Bowl. The contest is the largest online video competition globally, and undoubtedly, one of the most successful in its caliber according to last year’s YouTube impressions. Owing to the fact that the results justify the means used, it is evident that Doritos’ marketing techniques are the cause of this profound success, some of which are analyzed in this paper. The context of participatory marketing in Doritos Chief marketing Officer at Frito-Lay, Ann Mukherjee clearly postulates that participatory marketing is the future of contemporary marketing. She notes that the success behind the idea of Super Bowl lies w ithin the recognition of the upcoming branding trends, where the consumers are actively involved in the branding process by the company. As a key strategy, Frito Lay recognizes the great impact that active participation contributes to modern marketing, attributing to the fact that people are not just passive recipients of information, but active contributors in the production and distribution of brands and their contents in their various kinds (Boone, and Kurtz 56). The campaign relays useful techniques that underlie consumer-generated content advertising, which makes the consumers virtually own the brands and remain loyal to the brands that they have helped to build and this fact has continually improved the sales of the company. From the graph and table below, the introduction of the Crush Super Bowl contest in January 2012 had a tremendous effect on the sales in that month. In this respect, participatory marketing strategies are very effective and according to Doritos, an immedia te effect on the popularity of the brands. The period that preceded the ad contest also experienced customer response due to the anticipation that the advertisements of the contest had on the consumers. The data showing the percentage increase in sales due to the 2012 contest is shown below. Time 26th Dec 2011 26th Jan 2012 29th Feb. 2012 28th Mar 2012 Percentage increase 6.2 % 7.9 % 5.8 % 5.2 % Consumer inclusive approaches to marketing, according to research prove the most lucrative and successful of trends, making it an irresistible package for modern marketers. In perspective, the success of the campaign is often attributed to the way in which Frito-Lay tracks and evaluates performance of the competition. Since the launch of the campaign, Frito-Lay has continued to test the media value of the competition, online pass-along measures as well as the brand equity. (Hines, and Bruce 44) further recommends the growth of the above measures with time to correspond with the market condit ions and continued changes in tastes and preferences of the consumers. Trusting consumers of information In addition, Frito-Lay works on the principle that the consumer is the best source of information on what the market needs (Tadajewski and Brownlie 92). The campaign has achieved much since its inception because Frito-Lay trusts their consumers. Although most marketers have

The NBL-Tools prototype Essay Example for Free

The NBL-Tools prototype Essay The NBL-Tools prototype is a groupware system which is basically designed and developed to support collaborative knowledge which can be used over the Internet as in the form of (TCP/IP) along with the usage of any HTML 3. 2 compliant WWW-browser such as Netscape Navigator 3 . NBL-Tools is considered to be truly a new-generation of networked learning programme, which eventually relies solely on recent achievements and accomplishments of cognitive research performed on educational practices and computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL). Over the period of time several models have been designed and development of NBL , It had been of a very great emphasis and with the help of this effect a special change has been performed to develop a meta-cognitive tool for structuring user activity. The NBL environment model comprises of a various modules that are designed with the sole aim to facilitate collaborative knowledge programmed which will be used future in university and vocational education institutes. NBL modules comprise and consist of:- WebTop (virtual desktop in the web), Knowledge Building module, Jam Session module, Library module and Administration module for tutors and also for system administrator. 1. General Technical Design of the NBL-Tools Server- The NBL-Tools is based on a three tier architecture in which the NBL software is further designed and distributed among three different servers which are commonly known as – The database server which allows a very important function i. e. allows the exchanging of information (the database and search engine), the application server that handles most of the logic in conjunction with the database server and lastly the WWW server that handles the backend WWW-processing and glues with itself the other servers together for the smooth functioning of the entire project. NBL software can also be accessed through the Internet (TCP/IP as already disscussed) with any HTML 3. 2 compliant browser commonly known as the Netscape Navigator 3. Some non-critical features can only be accessed by browsing with a JavaScript implementation. Hence it allows the users to work efficiently with the common information processing programs at their use producing for example, documents, graphics, video or www -links. The primary users of NBL is been done by the university students and people studying into service courses at various organizations at different levels. Internet accessibility with www –It follows that small groups working at different locations and in different time are able to coordinate their activities with the tools provided by the NBL. While associated with NBL students across the university get ample of opportunities to interact with each other either face to face or through video conferencing , simultaneously at the beginning of the secessions and at the mid term as well. The users are able to access the NBL-Tools from any place containing Internet connection and computer (or terminal) with standard WWW-browser: workplaces, homes, libraries, schools, university computer labs, Internet cafes, etc†¦ The end-user terminal may also be Set-top-box commonly known as Web-tv or palmtop (such as Nokia Communicator) with â€Å"www†-browser and Internet connection. To get acces to the main users need to use only one username and password to login which will enable them to access all courses running in the NBL environment. NBL users can uses only one centralized database for there implementation part and during every login session the students may take part in all courses involved and associated within it. 2. Inquiry Learning Process and the Modules of the NBL-Tools The effective usage of NBL- The tools happens to be inquiry learning process where all students and tutors can utilize the best of opportunity to share and distribute their existing knowledge with each other as it can be very much beneficial. The ideal module created for the NBL courses is an increasing spiral, which eventually helps the students in creating there own theories and knowledge aspects. Where In ideal situation these new theories will prove to be a new context and background for upcoming study course that will be used and performed across universities and educational institutions.. NBL-tools consist of several modules that are designed and developed to facilitate collaborative knowledge building and collaborative design work through a constructive programmed process. The modules are WebTop commonly known as virtual desktop in the web, Knowledge Building module, Jam Session module, Library module and Administration module for tutors and system administrator. 2. 1. The WebTop module The NBL -environment provides each and every user with there personal open desktop in the web (WebTop). The WebTop is used to store digital materials and these materials can also be shared with other students within the university. The WebTop also consist of an optional choice of sharing which enables the contains tools for leaving and sending messages such as stickies which is future used for collaborative evaluation and self-evaluation as well. It future also related to the deep principle. It is also required from the users while accessing or using the webtop into service students can add/create there personal files and folders, features like rename and removing the files from his or her own WebTop. Inside the folders the users may also create new sub-folders and add new files inside them. Students within the university can also visit each other WebTops and take copies of the files found over there which can also be used for future references. 2. 2. Knowledge Building module The Knowledge Building module is actually used for sharing the informations, topics concepts and programs that are been created or generated by the students . The online conferences based on discussions are guided by the Deep Principles decided together with the tutor and the students of the course. The Deep Principles redefines the context of concern. The discussion messages are added to the shared space and are future labelled by the users with different Categories of Inquiry. The tutor may select various kind of Categories of Inquiry for various kind of courses. Lets take for instance there focus ares of concers is more on design and art the Categories of Inquiry used in the FLE knowledge building such as: Design Task, Working Idea, Subordinate Problems, Deepening Knowledge, Comment, and Metacomment. The Categories of Inquiry eventully related the student with expert like problem solving research and design process by redirecting the students to produce their own knowledge objects. Categories of Inquiry Used in the NBL-Courses: The learning process aims at answering to all its related problems. The purpose of defining a problem is to explicate learning goals, to explain research interests and also to introduce the questions that are ultimately directing towards students inquiry. After critically viewing the present working theories and by introducing new deepening knowledge to the discussion new subordinate problems can also be incorporated. Working theory presents students with there own conceptions (hypothesis, theory, explanation, interpretation) about the problem at hand. A working theory is not necessarily well defined or articulated early in the inquiry process. However, it is crucial that the explication of working theory evolves during the process and working theory eventually become more refined and developed. In-depth Knowledge can over a period of time can also presents some scientific findings or other knowledge that the student have undergone. It brings to the discussion some new points of view otherwise helps the inquiry process to continue. It differs from the working theory as in that it represents the knowledge produced by others or authority/experts. It also gives a chance to both the Students and tutors to comment to the inquiry process, for example to that of someone elses working theory. It could also be clarified through a comment as to ask for clarification more thorough explanation and its opinion and so on. With the use of a comment message we can also provide help for other learners which can also be used in as a problem-solving process rather a problem itself. A comment should focuses on the inquiry process and its methods rather then discussing the process outcomes. Hence future it can be analyses with a Metacomment weather students and tutors can evaluate and that too to what extent, e. g. Is the process is progressing in the desired direction , have appropriate methods been used, and if yes how sharing of tasks and inquiry process is accomplished among the members of the learning community. In the summarized form the summary may aim at identifying a new Deep Principle or may reflect the views of the writer on the progression of the inquiry learning process. Using the Help-category tells that the user have, in his or her work, come across some difficulties where he/she needs guidance from others to be in a stage to proceed. The Jam Session module is a space for the collaborative construction of digital artifacts It helps the students in the dynamic development of a project by providing graphical representations of its phases. Students can also add in their own digital artifacts such as -pictures, videos, audio, text, software to the session and let other students continue and comment on the work in progress. 2. 4. NBL Library The NBL Library can be considered as a adaptive medium to publish and browse multimedia learning materials, in additional learning materials are saved into the NBL-database from which the tutor or teacher may first search and choose relevant clips and then publish them in the Library last but not the least work of the study groups will be saved to the NBL-database.

The Psychology of Color

The Psychology of Color Consider it or not, bearing certain colors can help us elevate, make head way argument or encourage friends to share the latest gossip. Colors in our surroundings have the ability to keep us cool, motivate or de-motivate the conversation. The hues on packaging give some unperceivable messages that the enclosed product is salubrious, pricy or unsafe. Why? Because of the psychology of color, which refers to the strong emo ­tional reactions that we all have towards colors? Research studies show that our reaction is partly physiological based on the effects of the colors that have on our eyes and nervous system. It is also influ ­enced by our environment and life experiences. Beginning with the technology at its sim ­plest, the retina focuses on colors as rays of light which have varying lengths and degrees of refraction, reflection, absorption depending on the hue. The eyes sensing of each color induces fast reactions in the brain and autonomic nervous system. For example: Warm colors like reds, orange, yellows have the longest wavelengths, requiring energy to view them, thats why those colors seem to pop out at us. They stimu ­late the brain, raise pulse and respira ­tion rates. In contrast, cool colors like blues and green have the shortest wavelengths and can easily enter the eye. This produces a calming and relieves us while slowing the metabolism. In addition to the involuntary reac ­tions we have learned reception that is equally important to color. Were taught that pink is for baby girls and blue is for boys, white bridal gowns represents purity and naturalness, red for traffic signals which means to stop or danger ahead. The color of our clothes also speaks volumes. Would you be more related with a customer-service rep ­resentative who is dressed in white or black? Would you feel safer with a doctor wearing a navy tie or a bright orange one? Who would you choose as a finan ­cial advisor, a woman in a blue suit or one in hot pink? The colors we wear can be tranquilizing, enervate or energizing. While there are no good or bad colors, we can make exact selection to help us convey more effectively. This is true not only in fashion but also in home decoration, advertisement, graphics, product designs, and retail environments. For example: If guests yawning at our dinner parties? It may not be the company if your dining room walls are painted lavender, a color that encourages daydreaming and drowsiness. Looking for more than a cost-of-liv ­ing raise at work? As the most unforgettable and eye-catching of all colors, red will get you noticed and your boss will be much more likely to recall your ideas. Since color unconsciously determines people every day, theres a great van ­tage to understanding how and why these reactions occur. What follows is a detailed explanation of the physical responses we have towards each color, along with the most common psychological associations. Also sugges ­tions are included on how best is it to use this information in a variety of artistic, business, and lifestyle applications. Red When a toreador waves a red cape in the ring, he is playing to the crowd as much as the bull. Bulls are actually color ­blind and respond only to the movement of the cape; the audience, however, fully apprize the energy of vibrant red. The color says danger, fervor, warmth, intensity, hostility, and success. Thats not only an emotional reaction, but a physiological one as well. Red is a real shock to the system, takes grab of our attention and requires an effort to view. Looking at red will increase our blood pressure and make our pulse run. Did you ever thought why so many fast food restaurants are painted red? This is because red color sparks our salivary glands, making us hungry and also tiring our eyes, which boost us to eat, allot and leave faster. Gambling casinos found that people place larger and risky bets under red lights, so theyre often used in high-stakes areas. At the same time, the color provokes people to make speedy decisions, which is why its a popular choice for Buy Now buttons on retail websites. Red Red also transmits energy and courage, giving one a feel of power to get the things done. Thats why you would have seen politicians often wearing red ties. As a bonus, red is the most unforgettable of all colors as you can see gifts given in red gift wrapping, red hearts, red cards etc are memorized easily. Red kindles intense, strong emotion, passion among people. As already I have discussed above about bonus to red color, its the favorite color for valentines and appropriately named red light zone. Women in red are often seen as flirty, forthcoming, and playful. In China, red represents good luck and is worn by brides and used in red egg ceremonies to bless newborn babies. Feng Shui practitioners suggest using the power of red to kick out bad chi, or energy, from the house. But in deco ­rating, red comes with a lovingness. Red is used only in rooms where we want to boost activity and lively conversa ­tions, such as a living or dining room. It is also a great choice for pass ­ing through spaces where we dont spend a lot of time, such as hallways, lob ­bies, or guest bathrooms. In a childs room, the color causes insomnia. Due to high visibility it makes ideal for catching audience eye in advertisements and safe ­ty products like Campbell soup cans to fire extinguishers and exit signs. The dynamism of red also makes it the most commonly used color in national flags. COLOR PSYCH The red color gives the feeling of speed, power, joy, danger, and rage. True red is the most vivacious color. It is the driving color in the spectrum, express ­ing excitement. It attracts attention immediately and its separate the object and image from background. Red color makes people to feel warm. E.g. Coffee will seem hotter in a red cup than in a blue one. It is the first color we lose sight of, at dusk and is not well seen at a great distance. Barn, claret, and crimson reds are considered royal, single, strong and always great charm for men. Yellow There is a good reason for smiley face is yellow. The color of the sun, yellow gives a sense of lives. Psychologically it is the happiest color in the spectrum, guiding feelings of hope, joy, and spontaneity. Think of the term sunny disposal. When associated with the sun, yellow gives us an educated atmosphere that stands for wisdom, mind and vision. This feeling is supported by science, as yellow quickly reads with the brain, stimulat ­ing the nervous system. It is said to be the favorite color of Chinese philosopher Confucius. It is a color we cant neglect. It visually pops out. You certainly cant miss yellow taxis or autos in traffic. Its high visibility promotes quick, clear thinking. According to leg ­endary color theorist Faber Birren, who focused on the functional use of hues in everyday life, Birren was responsible for the creation of the Yellow Pages in the 1950s to relieve the on-the-job monotony for telephone operators. Research from Pantone later con ­firmed Birrens theory, proving that a yel ­low background with black type is the most readable combination for printed material and the most contributive to memory retention. No wonder its used on legal pads and traffic caution signs. It also adds liveness to other col ­ors, making hot hues seem even more brilliant and bringing cool colors to life. Its therefore a consistent favorite in the home, filling any room with warmth, good cheer, and light. Most popular in kitchens and dining rooms, yellow also provides an appetizing backdrop for food. However, a little goes a long way. In small quantities it encourages lively conversa ­tion and cheerful times, but lengthy exposure to bright lemon can arouse too much mental stimulation and create anxiousness. It has been reported that couples have more quarrels in yellow kitchens and the color can make babies cry. Pale but ­tercup is a safer choice in the home. Yellow sends out other mixed mes ­sages as well. References to a coward being yellow started in tenth-century. Color Psych Yellow is the happiest color in the spectrum according to psychology, related with warmth, optimism, and joy. Yellow visually appears at you, it the very evident color. It is good for signs and product packages. Yellow suggest clear thinking. Black type on a yellow ground is the most clear color combination and helps in memory storage. Yellow combines with other color cause vitality. Overexposure to bright yellow can be unsettling. Paler hues are better for socializing, whereas gold tones signify wealth. Orange As human being, sometime we feel decrease ambition, idea these instant marked by low energy level. The orange color boosts oxygen aspiration to the brain. And since orange also increase appetite and helps indigestion. Red and Yellow combination makes orange, taking over from both colors. It has the energy and vitality of red and the happy, friendly qualities of yellow. It makes orange bold, energizing and expressing naturalness and fun. Bright orange is a greater attention and used effectively by construction workers and crossing guards as a warning. It represents good value as well and making good use for sale signs in store windows. Moreover it is quiet tones like colors of pumpkins and growing leaves. Orange is a reminder of autumn and harvest with their warm pleasing groups. Eyes catches burnt orange very easily and have a sophisticated appeal that can be both elegant and exotic. Orange also says fresh, healthy, and juicy, making it a favorite for table settings and kitchen accessories. It is used in sparingly in home decoration. Many expensive restaurants paint their walls and because the color is welcoming and appetizing. Color Psych Orange is a stimulating, energizing color that appears friendly, outgoing, cheerful, and adventurous. Bright orange has very high visibility, making it ideal for warning signals or grabbing attention, even when used in small amounts. Easier on the eye, autumnal and spicy oranges are warm, exotic, and appetiz ­ing, while peach tones are most flat ­tering to the skin. People who wear orange are thought to be creative, enthusiastic, and fun to be with, but possibly also a bit irresponsible. Because of its playful, active qualities, orange is a favorite of children, teens, and athletes. GREEN Green not only represents life and growth. It is the most relaxing, comforting color in the spectrum. The reason is physiological. Unlike other hues, green focuses directly on the retina without being refracted, making it especially easy on the eyes. It is also thought to have great healing powers and the ability to relieve and refresh. According to color consultant,. L. Mortons Color Matters website, people who work in green environments have fewer stomachaches. The lighter green is more calming. That is one of the reasons hospital walls are often painted sea foam, to literally affects worried patients and visitors. Then theres the use of green rooms backstage at theaters and television shows to reduce tension to performances. The calming quality of green has made the official color of safety worldwide as in safe to go traffic signals. Officials in London found another safety use for the color Painting the alarming Black friars Bridge a more calming green greatly reduced the rate of suicide jumpers. Greens send a variety of messages, depending on the shade. Kelly greens bring to mind spring and the outdoors, conveying happy, youthful feelings. But that can also suggest immaturity and inexperience, such as a newcomer being too green to succeed. Forest green is the color of mature trees representing stability and growth. Amazingly, green color is used in law offices and financial institutions. Green is the color of money too. Olive has the most power associated with it because it reminds people of the military, while grass greens connection to new life and growth has come to sym ­bolize fertility. That made it the favorite color for wedding gowns during the Renaissance. Color Psych Light green is physically is the most relax ­ing and calming color in the spectrum. As the easiest color on the eye and it is also improve vision. Vibrant greens remind people of the spring, life, nature , and youthful energy. Darker greens are making a logical think of stability and growth, showing high economic status and success. Green is the worldwide symbol for safety. Green also means go. Those people wears green are thought, dependable, and generous. Green has some negative associations also, when someone is sick, they suggested to look around the green things. Similarly, Paris green is consistently rated as the most unwholesome of all colors. In decorating many shades of green show harmonious through of house. Bright greens bring the feeling of nature inside and can create a smooth visual flow between the indoors and outside architectural ornament. This hue has a refreshing, nurtur ­ing quality, making them particularly appealing in kitchens and dining rooms. Because light green makes pleasant feelings of peace, it is ideal for home sanctuaries, like bathrooms or peace ­ful bedrooms. Greens give a sense of purity and freshness in packaging that is why it is popular on cosmetic containers. Products in green wrappers are also thought to be healthful, natural, and environmentally friendly. Blue Most of the people like blue and their favorite color also. Blue is the best liked of all colors. If someone likes blue color that means he is in good company. Light to medium range blues are especially pleasing and restful. Staring at blue actually reduces your pulse and respiration rate and temporarily low ­ers your blood pressure. Blue are positive in sense practically all our associations. When we see cool or ocean blues, many of us think of the sky and calming waters and a vacation on an exotic island. In many cultures blue is believed the most protective of all colors. In the Middle East, for example blue doors are thought to guard against evil spirits and people in the American Southwest often paint their porch ceilings blue to ward off ghosts. Before the coming of refrigeration, cobalt blue was used in kitchens and pantries because insects, unlike humans, are pushed back by this color. Blue kitchens continue to be popular to this day. Navy blue in particular represents loyalty and trustworthiness. Blue is always ideal for expressing sincerity and reliability. Men particularly like blue. Navy blue also commands respect, like police and military uniforms while blue created to enforce moral standards. Brighter blues are perfect wearing for parties and social gatherings because blue is always friendly and likable. Darker blues means good breeding, high social status, stability, and dignity. Color Psych Particularly it is always favorite of men. Blue is the best liked of all colors Practically all our relationships with blue are positive and always rising and peaceful color. Navy blue commands respect, representing loyalty, trustworthiness, fidelity, and integrity. Deep blue is associated with luxury in many cultures. Blue has been a symbol of fidelity, hope, and faith since ancient times. Thats where the tradition of the bride wearing something blue originated. Blue is associated with a sweet taste, which is why it is consistently used on sugar pack ­aging and related products. Luxury cars often come in an elegant midnight or silver blue that symbolizes power and success, while sportier cars, such as the Volkswagen Beetle, come in a brighter shade to suggest fun. Purple Purple could be called the psychology ­ of elegance color. Historically, The person who is most outstanding or excellent and someone who tops all others that kind of people only used purple because it is so difficult and expensive to produce . According to Simon Garfields fasci ­nating book Mauve, thousands of mollusks needed to be crushed, salted for three days, and then boiled for ten just to make enough dye for a single dress It is most difficult to describe this color in ancient Rome it is reserve for Caesar. So it is no wonder that purple is associ ­ated with wealth, royalty, and highlife. But there is a spiritual side also since purple later became the color of associated with church cloth and it became a decoration of prayer shawls in Judaism. Interestingly, the once-exclusive purple is now more popular with women than men. As a matter of fact many women means purple color as their favorite color. Perhaps purples color composition of excitement of red with the order of blue. Its therefore considered the color of compromise, or striking a happy medium. People who wear purple are thought to be nurturing, passionate, and eager to please qualities more often judge to women than men. Purple conveys very different emotions depending on its shade. The darkest plum has funereal overtones and can be depress ­ing and solemn. In many countries it replaces black as the official color of mourning. Royal purple, with its noble heritage, also suggests affluence and status Because of the quantity of red in their composition, bright color carry the most energy. Those are happier and exciting colors, violets and laven ­ders have a romantic, nostalgic quality. The quality of mixed messages of purple, the purple color rarely used in food packaging at the supermarket and in big-ticket purchases such as cars or appliances. In packages and advertising the color is most often used to denote products or services aimed at women For decorating the purples can be very dramatic and sensual. COLOR PSYCH Royal purple exudes class, power, passion, sensuality, and luxury. Deep plum is spiritual and mysterious, with a serious, dignified quality. Lavenders and violets have a sweet, romantic, and nostalgic appeal. People tend to get less work done in purple rooms because the color encourages daydreaming. Women often cite purple as their favorite color. Pink Pink not only promotes friendliness, but actually discourages aggres ­sion and ill will. Peachy pinks always used on the packaging of cosmetics because the color is very feminine and also praising to ones complexion. Mass-market lines such as Maybelline, however, prefer eye- catching hot pinks to grab attention in crowded pharmacy displays. In chromatherapy, a pink room is recommended for people who have trou ­ble calming down and letting things go. No matter how bad your day is, it is hard to hold onto aggression in the presence of pink. Color Psych Pink is the most passive of all colors, promoting friendliness while discourag ­ing aggression against oneself as well as others. Considered the most feminine color, pink is associated with nurturing and compassion. Pink calms and relieves, and is thought to aid in digestion. Shocking pink has a much higher concentration of red, making it appear energetic, fun, and trendy. Men prefer peachy pinks to express love. Brown Brown color as the color of earth and protective trees, it pro ­vides comfort while reminding us of hearth and home. The brown color family becomes especially popular during anxious times of social or economic commotion. Warm neutrals are perceived as having lasting value and can make people feel like everything is going to be all right. Those people who wear brown is very dependable, sincere, and hardworking. That belief goes back to historic times when bright colors were reserved for roy ­alty and the wealthy, assigning browns to the peasants. Feel and a sense of humility always denoted by brown, Brown is always wardrobe choice. It will make you look acceptive, reliable, and trustworthy. However, brown can lack authority in a middle-class work environment. In interior design, brown is consid ­ered the great leveler, grounding all the other colors. In a lush garden, earthy brown is the perfect backdrop for nature entire palette, whether warm or cool. Although it is the color of wood, brown is part of practically every room setting. Muted neutrals are often favorites in living rooms, studies, and family rooms because they appear simplicity and peace while creating intimacy. A rich mix of textures keeps the naturals from being boring and can offer a relieving sensuality. Pale neutrals make a room feel large and less cluttered, while darker browns create a sense of coziness and security. Chocolate brown walls can be particular rich and sophisticated. Men are particularly fond of brown. The color is shown as rough and outdoorsy, making it present in sporting goods, casual clothes, and all-terrain vehicles. The masculine combination of blues and browns is also consistently popular with men in both clothing and home design. Paper-bag brown is used to suggest the freshness of food, a reminder of the wrapping used in outdoor produce mar ­kets. Color Psych Brown is a warm, comforting color associated with the earth, trees, hearth, and home. People tend to buy big-ticket products in neutral colors, especially in an uncertain economy. Browns both put consumers at ease and are considered timeless. Brown has a common feel in clothing, making one look approachable, reli ­able, and sincere. Brown has a masculine, rugged quality that particularly appeals to men. Paper-bag brown is used in packaging to denote a natural product. Gray Other definition of Gray is neutral. It is the color that people rarely love or hate. Gray is noncommittal, formal, and dignified. Gray is suggest maturity and wisdom. A person with gray hair means lifetime and increasing knowledge and experience. Gray lacks warmth, remote and serious which it can make appear. For example stone churches, grave ­yards, and skyscrapers. In packaging grays have a rich, pres ­tigious appeal? Luxury automobiles are most popular in silver tones, as are plat ­inum charge cards with their heavy fees. As usual high-end boutiques always wrap goods in gray boxes means that there is a precious gift inside. Metallic gray associated with scien ­tific and technological advances is used effectively when introducing state of the art products. That is why gray color is mostly used in automobile. In interior design, dark gray is dignified and formal, while a lighter gray is more restful, nei ­ther shade will encourage lively conversa ­tion. Grays are better suited to rooms where the residents are looking for peace of mind. Color Psych Gray represents noninvolvement, showing formal, dignified, and conservative authority. Unlike neutral brown, gray lacks warmth, which can make it appear remote, solemn, and a bit gloomy when used alone. Gray is associated with wisdom and maturity, adding to its moneyed appeal. Metallic grays offer the promise of scientific and technological advances, as well as a sense of speed and competence. Grays are cool and restful in home decor, but also discourage lively con ­versation and offer an unattractive backdrop for food. White White represents purity, innocence, virtue, and fidelity. That is why it is the most popular color for wedding dresses. In clothing, white is often compared with significant wealth its wearer has a high social status. It is consider that white is absence of color, more shades of white are available commercially than of any other color. White also stands for truth and good ­ness. Safety and medical products are often white to suggest antiseptic cleanliness. Think of cotton bandages, cotton balls, and doctors lab coats. Whites associate with heaven and angels. And it is Symbolizes death in India, China and Japan Color Psych White symbolizes purity, innocence, goodness, and truth. Although white is neutral, it is considered a cool color because of its association with snow and ice. White is often used to suggest sim ­plicity, sterility, and safety. Waving a white flag is the international symbol of a call for a truce. White is popular on the packaging of dairy products, low-fat items, and refined ingredients such as sugar and flour. Black Without any question the black is most classic and overpowering color. It is related with death and darkness; it gives wary feeling of the unknown. It is also mysterious. And good luck if a black cat crosses your path. Blacks perceived foreboding gives it an air of danger as well, and it is used to great effect for the clothing of bodyguards, bouncers, and FBI personnel to intimidate potential troublemakers. Black is also the most popular color for limousines, Lincoln Town Cars, and the official vehicles that transport dignitaries, because the color implies that the person inside is important and worthy of respect. Research studies of American football statistics found that teams wearing black uniforms had more disputed plays called against them, apparently because referees subconsciously considered them the aggres ­sors. And why do you think referees uni ­forms are dominated by authoritative black? In the fashion world, black is truly present. The all purpose little black dress, first designed by Coco Chanel, comes up again and again as the height of sophis ­tication. (Its also slimming and does not show dirt, two major fashion pluses.)

Challenges for US Counter-terrorism Efforts Essay -- September 11 Terr

Challenges for US Counter-terrorism Efforts    As a direct consequence of September 11, a number of substantial challenges lie ahead in the area of counter-terrorism..  Ã‚   The most prominent of these is the changing nature of the terrorism phenomenon.   In past years, when terrorism was largely the product of direct state sponsorship, policymakers were able to diminish prospects for the United States becoming a target using a combination of diplomatic and military instruments to deter potential state sponsors.   Today, however, many terrorist organizations and individuals act independently from former and present state sponsors, shifting to other sources of support, including the development of transnational networks.    Many terrorism experts have suggested a shift in the type of violence terrorists are willing to inflict.   Terrorism statistics indicate an overall reduction in the number of terrorism incidents per year, but an increase in the number of victims per incidents.   While the number of historical cases of terrorists using CBRN weaponry is low, this trend toward increasing violence and less state control may drive certain terrorist groups toward unconventional weapons.   On the other hand, the reduction in direct state support may decrease the terrorist's ability to acquire or independently develop CBRN weapons. These shifts have produced a number of policy and program initiatives designed to better deter and prevent future acts of terrorism while also building a national capacity to effectively respond to terrorism incidents involving the full range of weapon types.      A key challenge is working both at home and abroad to identify, track, and defeat terrorist groups before they undertake acts of violen... ... more fully explored.    As we move forward after September 11, terrorism receives increased attention in the foreign policy, national defense, and law enforcement communities. As we assess and formulate our international and national commitments, policymakers are likely to consider possible impacts of terrorism on those commitments and on public and political support vital to those commitments.   The challenges facing us in assessing threats, allocating resources, and insuring an effective congressional role in counter-terrorism policy are complex.   But inherent in challenges are opportunities to bring together the diverse elements of the counter-terrorism community to share information, experiences, ideas, and creative suggestions about how to effectively deal with this growing national security, law enforcement, and public policy concern.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     

Suicide and the Harm Principle

The Right to Suicide and Harm Suicide under circumstances of extreme suffering is the morally right action as opposed to the alternative, living in pain. J. S. Mill’s Utilitarian ideals provide strong reasoning to support suicide in instances of severe pain, while Kant’s moral theory of the categorical imperative provides reasoning against taking one’s own life. Mill’s principle of utility is the maximization of pleasure and the reduction of pain. Mill regards happiness as the greatest good in life and all actions should be performed as long as they have the tendency to produce pleasure.Mill also introduces the Harm Principle. The Harm Principle is used to determine whether coercion is justifiable based on the impact of individual actions. Stated, the Harm Principle is â€Å"the only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilized community, against his will, is to prevent harm to others. His own good, either physical or moral, is not a sufficient warrant† (On Liberty, I, 9). Mill believe that individuals have the right to autonomy in order to produce pleasure for themselves, but the right to autonomy must be controlled to allow equal exercise of this right by all individuals.To understand the application of Mill’s principles, harm must be defined. Harm is damage to another individual against their will. Mill introduces two types of harm: direct and indirect. Direct harm is when an individual performs an action that directly harms another person, such as murder. Indirect harm is when the individual performs an action that causes damage to others through performing an action on one’s self. (On Liberty, I, 11) The distinction between indirect and direct harm determines whether the individual who performed the action resulting in the harm is morally responsible for the harm inflicted.Mill offers little towards the definition of harm and the distinction between direct and indirect h arm. He writes: â€Å"Whenever, in short, there is a definite damage, or a definite risk of damage, either to an individual or to the public, the case is taken out of the province of liberty, and placed in that of morality or law† (On Liberty, IV, 10) Mill states that when individual actions pose a risk of â€Å"definite† damage, the individual is responsible to society for those actions.Therefore, â€Å"definite† harm is direct harm to others and all other harms are either (1) indirect harm to others or (2) direct harm to oneself and undeserving of legal or moral sanctions. However, the word â€Å"definite† is vague, leaving the definitions of indirect and direct harm unclear. To determine responsibility and appropriate sanctions to punish and deter, Mill employs a central idea of his theory: personal autonomy. Personal autonomy is an individual’s ability to pursue â€Å"their own good in their own way†, one of Mill’s four absolute r ights (On Liberty, I, 14).Each individual has the absolute right to exercise this autonomy, unless their actions impact the autonomy of another person. In cases where autonomous actions result in direct harm to others, either the government is justified in imposing legal sanctions such as jail time, or society is justified in imposing moral sanctions, such as shaming. Therefore, to determine whether direct harm was committed, one looks at whether one individual caused the abridgment of another individual’s absolute rights. Exegesis In this section, a case will be presented to prompt discussion about the morally validity of suicide.Mill’s reasoning will include a utility calculation and an evaluation of direct and indirect harm. Consider the following case. A young woman named Jane, aged 29, finds out she has the Parkinson’s gene. Jane watched her mother die from the disease and does not want to die the way her mother did. When the symptoms begin to set in and wo rsen, she decides to commit suicide. She knows that she can live many more years with the disease but she knows that her quality of life will be reduced. Jane believes that her quality of life will be so diminished that death is the only option. Is it right for Jane commit suicide?Mill would invoke the Harm Principle. The act of committing suicide would be a self-regarding act. As the harm is directly imposed on herself, all other consequences of her action are considered indirect as they occur through Jane’s self-regarding act. Hence, Jane should suffer no moral or legal sanctions for committing suicide. Furthermore, she has evaluated her options and upon deep consideration, decided that the pain of living with her condition outweighs the pleasure of living with her condition. A utility calculation can be formalized to further justify her decision on utilitarian grounds. Utilitarianism) For Jane: 1. Tendency to cause pleasure: 100 units 2. Tendency to cause pain: 50 units Fo r the aggregate of the other people affected: 3. Tendency to cause pleasure: 10 units 4. Tendency to cause pain: 20 units Hence: Pleasure: 110 units, Pain: 70 units. Perform the action. For Jane, dying would be the ultimate pleasure as it is the end of her suffering. She views suicide as the mean to her ultimate end: happiness. For Jane, the pain of dying is less than the pain of living. After seeing her mother die from Parkinson’s disease, she makes the valid decision to not die the same way.She recognizes that death is the end of her life and the pain of leaving her family and friends does impact on this decision. Yet, when compared to the suffering she will endure as her Parkinson’s progresses, the pleasure derived from these relationships is not enough to compel her to live. For the aggregate of the community, pleasure derived from Jane performing the action of suicide would be the comfort in knowing that (a) her wishes were respected and (b) her suffering is relie ved. However, the pain of Jane’s suicide outweighs the pleasure as the interests of the aggregate are compromised by her death.Upon her death, they mourn her loss and her loss deprives them of their relationship to her, along with other interests that she contributed to satisfying in living her life. Compared to the value of Jane’s pleasure and pain, the value of the aggregate of all other affected persons is less. Jane is directly impacted by her action, while all the others are indirectly impacted. Mill gives more consideration to direct actions as they are in the sphere of personal responsibility. Harm suffered outside of Jane’s sphere of action, or indirect actions, are of lesser value to Jane as she has no moral responsibility for indirect harm.Furthermore, the indirect harm does not violate anyone’s liberty rights and is therefore of lesser value than the direct harm. Therefore, Jane is justified in placing a lower value on the aggregate pain and pl easure of the community compared to her personal pain and pleasure. Hence, the tendency to cause pleasure outweighs the tendency to cause pain and the action should be performed. When one decides to commit suicide, Mill would argue that the only person directly affected is the individual.However, Mill writes: â€Å"No person is an entirely isolated being†, showing how an individual’s actions are never completely self-regarding (On Liberty). There will always be affected parties by your actions. While the family and friends of the individual will mourn the death, they are mourning the loss of a life. The loss of life affects the family and friends by harming the interests that they had in the success of the individual as a human life. For example, if the Jane was a mother, her family has a strong interest in maintaining their family structure and growing up with a present mother.While the harm is indirect, it is significant and â€Å"definite† as the family will be affected for the rest of their lives. With her death, their interests are compromised. The principal interest of all rational humans is happiness and interests serve the purpose of maximizing pleasure and reducing pain (Utilitarianism, II, 2). Pleasure is derived from living a good life and interests are what the individual desires to attain happiness. The pursuit of happiness is done through satisfying the individual interests of a person, hence to deny an individual of these interests would be to deny them of their happiness.The definitions of direct and indirect harm appear unsatisfactory in determining the morality of an action; however, by evaluating the importance of personal autonomy, a more satisfying conclusion is reached. If interests are the means to the ultimate end of happiness, then the individual who wants to commit suicide is a mean to the ultimate end of her family and friends’ happiness. If the individual satisfies her own happiness by committing suicide, she is performing an action to achieve her ends. Mill writes that the only justification needed for determining the desirability of an action is whether it is desired. Utilitarianism, IV, 3) As the individual desires to die, it is sufficient evidence that the action will provide happiness to the individual. Whether this action affects the interests of others is of minimal concern, as rational beings are not intended to serve as means to another’s happiness. Hence, suicide is justified as long as the individual achieves the ultimate end of happiness despite harming the interests of others. The Objection In this section, an objection from the perspective of Kant will be presented using the four formulations of his categorical imperative.Immanuel Kant would provide a compelling objection to Mill’s justification of suicide. Kant offers four formulations of the categorical imperative, proving suicide as an immoral act by the definition that moral actions meet the formulati ons of the categorical imperative. First, the Formula of Universal Law, states: â€Å" I ought never to conduct myself except so that I could also will that my maxim become a universal law†(Groundwork, Ak4:401) . The maxim that Jane is acting upon is killing one’s self to relieve suffering.To will this to become a universal law would be to will that all human suffering can solved through suicide. However, this is a self-defeating maxim as one can not enjoy relief from suffering if one ceases to exist. Second, the Formula of Nature states: â€Å"Act as if the maxim of your action were to become through your will a universal law of nature† (Groundwork, Ak4:421). By this formulation of the categorical imperative, the justification for committing suicide would be that she believes that suicide should be a universal law of nature.To say that suicide should be a universal law of nature is again, as mentioned in the above formulation, self-defeating. Also, Jane, as a r ational agent, would not will suicide to be a universal law of nature; hence, Kant would conclude that she is not justified in committing suicide. Third, the Formula of Humanity states: â€Å"†¦ any rational being exists as an end in itself, not merely as a means to the discretionary use of this or that will, but in all its actions, those directed toward itself as well as those directed toward other rational beings, it must at the same time be considered as an end† (Groundwork, Ak:4:428).Simply put, this formulation of the categorical imperative states that all rational beings are considered ends, rather then just means to another’s ends. Each individual is an end within themselves and all rational being must regard other rational beings as ends rather than means. In Jane’s decision to commit suicide, Kant would say that she is treating her own life as mere means to achieve her end. Kant explicitly writes: â€Å"the one who has suicide in mind will ask him self whether his action could subsist together with the idea of humanity as an end in itself† (Groundwork, Ak4:429).Kant believes that all rational humans are not mere means to ends, but ends within themselves. If one commits suicide, one acts in a way that regards their humanity as a mere means to their happiness, as they believe that happiness is achieved following their death. Kant would argue that suicide degrades humanity on the whole, treating life as a means to the ultimate end, rather than an end in itself (Groundwork, Ak4:42964). Fourth, the Formula of Autonomy states: â€Å"Not to choose otherwise than so that the maxims of one’s choice are at the same time comprehended with it in the same volition as universal law† (Groundwork, Ak4:441).This formulation of the categorical imperative says that by free will, rational agents dictate laws and by the same free will, rational agents subject themselves to the laws they dictate. Through this formulation, Kant demonstrates the absolute value of reason in rational beings. Through reason, rational beings create the laws through which they live moral lives. Suicide, even in the case of suffering, would not be a law that a rational agent would universally impose upon society for if it were imposed on society, humanity would be degraded.Kant would also argue that Jane has the perfect duty to preserve her life that this maxim would violate. Her duty relies on the respect for humanity and human life as ends, rather than means. Her violation of the duty through suicide shows a lack of respect for human reason as she is readily able to dispose of her own. Hence, Kant would conclude that the maxim of suicide to relieve suffering is not a valid maxim as it fails to satisfy this formula. Therefore, Kant would argue that suicide to relieve suffering does not satisfy the categorical imperative and is morally wrong.The Rejoinder In this section, Mill’s response to Kant’s objection is prese nted. By recalling the concept of autonomy, Mill refutes Kant’s objection to suicide. In response to Kant’s claims that suicide violates the four formulations, Mill would argue that based on the supreme principle of personal autonomy, Kant’s claims are false. While the maxim of killing one’s self to relieve suffering is not one that can be universally applied, the magnitude of suffering is important in considering Jane’s decision.It is far too broad to say that lack of respect for one individual’s life will lead to the erosion of respect for all human life (Edwards). Situations of suicide must be evaluated on an individual basis, not on the premise of respect for the entire human race. Realistically, it is unlikely that Jane’s suicide will lead to justification of suicide. Occurring every 13. 7 minutes in the US, suicide is a major cause of death but society still functions with relative stability and order (American Foundation for Su icide Prevention). Isolated cases do not determine the general state of the world.By failing to consider the consequences of actions for individuals Kant’s reasoning falls short by only drawing large-scale conclusions of the impact of motivations on humanity as a whole. The claim that Jane is treating her humanity as mere means to her end is false. Jane has lived her life as she has desired, deriving pleasure throughout the journey. As she nears the end, her pleasure begins to diminish and is overcome by the pain of her disease. Wanting to die before experiencing overwhelming pain is not a disregard for her life, instead, it is the preservation of the memory of a good life well lived.By wanting to die before her disease debilitates her, she maximizes the pleasures of life by avoiding pain. Furthermore, suicide does not represent a disregard for human rationality. Jane’s suicide is a triumph of human rationality. Because of reason, she is able to justify her decision to commit suicide by using the observation of her mother’s death as well as the medical facts that allow her to (1) know that she possess the gene that will give her the disease and (2) recognize the symptoms of Parkinson’s while determining how far the disease can progress without compromising her happiness.Analysis This section will offer an analysis of the arguments of both Kant and Mill in their ability to determine the morality of suicide. While it is important to recognize that Kant’s categorical imperative provides good reasoning promoting the preservation of life, the argument falls short in understanding the degree of personal suffering and the toll this suffering takes on an individual. The categorical imperative focuses on motives behind actions, but with an action such as suicide, where the end result is death, motives matter less than consequences.However, if the maxim under which Jane operates was stated as â€Å"Act in a way that promotes happiness and reduces pain†, both Kant and Mill may be satisfied. By this maxim, all the formulas stated above are valid and Mill’s principle of utility is satisfied. Autonomy lies at the heart of this dilemma and Mill’s response to Kant’s objections succeed in demonstrating that. Jane has valid reasons to commit suicide and because she is a rational agent, her reason must be respected.The utility calculation, as well as the concepts of direct and indirect harm, serve as valuable tools in drawing the conclusion that suicide is the morally correct action given Jane’s state of affairs. Works Cited Kant. â€Å"Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals . † (1785). Mill, J. S. â€Å"On Liberty. † (1859). Mill, J. S. â€Å"Utilitarianism. † (1861). Prevention, American Foundation for Suicide. Facts and Figures. 2012. 2012 .

Chapter 5 Essay

Chapter 5 Essay Chapter 5 Essay Priciples of Marketing by Philip Kotler and Gary Armstrong Chapter 5 Managing Marketing Information to Gain Customer Insights PEARSON Objective Outline Model of Consumer Behavior 1 Define the consumer market and construct a simple model of consumer buyer behavior. Characteristics Affecting Consumer Behavior 2 Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Objective Outline 3 Types of Buying Decision Behavior The Buyer Decision Process List and define the major types of buying decision behavior and the stages in the buyer decision process. The buyer decision Process for New Products 4 Describe the adoption and diffusion process for new products. Model of Consumer Behavior Consumer Buyer Behavior Consumer buyer behavior refers to the buying behavior of final consumers ─ individuals and households that buy goods and services for personal consumption. All of these final consumers combine to make up the consumer market. Model of Consumer Behavior We can measure the whats, wheres, and whens of consumer buying behavior. But it’s very difficult to â€Å"see† inside the consumer’s head and figure out the whys of buying behavior (that’s why we call black box). Marketers spend a lot of time and dollars trying to figure out what makes customers tick. Characteristics Affecting Consumer Behavi or Cultural Factors Culture Factors Culture Subculture Social Class Culture ï  ¬ ï  ¬ Culture is the of basic perceptions, wants, ï  ¬Every group orset society hasvalues, a culture, and cultural Marketers are always trying to spot cultural shifts so and behaviors learned by a member of society from influences on buying behavior maymight vary greatly as to discover new products that be wanted. family andcountry other important from both to countyinstitutions. and country to country. ïÆ'Ëœ Many marketers now embrace cross-cultural Subculture ïÆ'Ëœ They tend to be deeply family oriented and make shipping a family marketing ─ the practice of including ethnic affair ─ children have a bigand saycross-cultural in what brands they buy. within themes perspectives ïÆ'Ëœ Hispanic Asian Americans aretend the secondïÆ'Ëœ Each Older,ïÆ'Ëœ first-generation consumers to be very brand ï  ¬ culture contains smaller subcultures, or gro mainstream marketing. Although their morefastest-growing price conscious than other subsegment afterinterest in loyal andsegments, to favor brands and sellers who show special ïÆ'Ëœ Cross-cultural marketing appeals to consumer blacks are also strongly motivated ups of people with shared value systems based on Hispanic Americans. them. by qualitysimilarities across subcultures rather than and selection. ïÆ'Ëœ Asian consumers shop frequently and common life experiences andshown situations. ïÆ'Ëœ Younger Hispanics, however, have increasing price differences. ïÆ'Ëœ Brands are important. areand the amost brand conscious of all the sensitivity recent years willingness to switch to store ïÆ'Ëœ Many marketers are finding that insights ïÆ'Ëœ Inin recent years,ethnic manygroups. companies have brands. developedgleaned from ethnic consumers can influence special products, appeals, and ïÆ'Ëœ They there can beexist fiercely brand loyal. ïÆ'Ëœ Within the Hispanictheir market, many distinct subsegments broader markets. marketing programs for them. based on nationality, age, income, and other factors. Hispanic American Consumers African American Consumers Asian American Consumers Cross Cultural Marketing Social Class ï  ¬Social classes are society’s relatively permanent and ordered divisions whose members share simil ar values, interests, and behaviors. Social Factors Social Factors Groups and Social Networks ï  ¬ A group is two or more people who interact to accomplis h individual or mutual goals. ï  ¬ Reference groups serve as direct or indirect points of com parison or reference in forming a person’s attitudes or beh avior. ï  ¬ Reference groups expose a person to new behaviors and l ifestyles, influence the person’s attitudes and self-concept , and create pressures to

ACT Test Day What to Expect and How to Prepare

ACT Test Day What to Expect and How to Prepare SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you taking the ACT soon? This complete guide will go over exactly what to expect on test day, from when to arrive at your testing center to when it’s safe to turn your cell phone back on. Beyond the logistics, we’ll discuss what you can do in the days and weeks leading up to the test to fully prepare and feel confident. Read on to learn what to expect on ACT test day when you arrive, take the test, and finish up, alongside the most useful tips for doing your best throughout the day. ACT Test Day: Arrival The doors to your test center are open for just a fifteen-minute window of time, between 7:45 and 8 AM. A closed door means you won't be allowed in, so it’s absolutely essential that you arrive on time. There may be a line of students waiting outside the test center. When doors open, you should be greeted by helpers that check you in and direct you to your testing room. In the rare instance that there aren’t enough helpers, you should be able to find your locationby consulting lists outside each room. Typically, students are assigned to a room alphabetically. After you check in with your ID and admission ticket, you’ll put your bags, jacket, and any other belongings in adesignated area. This area may be a locker or simply under your desk. Seats are usually assignedin alphabetical order, so you’ll take your seat according to the test proctor’s instructions. Once everyone’s packed away their things and taken their seats, the proctor will start to pass out testing materials, namely the test booklets and answer sheets. You can’t open any of these materials until told to do so and will spend the next half hour to an hour listening to instructions and filling out identifying information, like your name, email, and address. All of this should be a highly structured process, but there are a few ways you can approach the morning to make sure everything goes smoothly. Read on for tips around your arrival to your ACT testing center. Doors close at 8, so don't be late! No amount of rhyming will help fix your timing. Tips for Arrival It’s essential that you arrive on time to your ACT testing center, as latecomers won’t be admitted to the test. I’d suggest planning to be there around 7:30, or a little earlier if you’re concerned about logistics like parking. Arriving much earlier could mean you turn into a nervous wreck waiting around outside the school; much later and you’re rushing to get in after students have already started to enter. Right around 7:30 is the sweet spot. So how can you set the conditions that will enable you to arrive on time? First, you should prepare everything you need the day before, a checklist I’ll elaborate on below. You should at least try to get to sleep early, as well as get up when your alarm goes off rather than adding an extra half hour via the snooze button. Leave yourself enough time to get ready in the morning, and plan out your clothes and breakfast the night before so you don’t waste time searching for clean clothes or discovering that you just ran out of your favorite granola. In addition to preparing the day before, you should also familiarize yourself with the route before test day if you’re testing somewhere other than your usual high school. On a similar note, you should consider what traffic conditions will be like to account for any unusual delays. Underestimating the time it takes to get there would be a highly stressful way to start your day. When you enter the testing center, make sure you know where your belongings are supposed to be and double check that your cell phone is turned off. ACT, Inc. is strict in prohibiting any technology that makes sound or could possibly record testing materials, so a mistake here could result in your test getting cancelled. Finally, make sure to listen to all the proctor’s instructions and follow them to a T. The whole process is rather rigid, and you need to fill out everything correctly to make sure your test scores don’t get delayed. Plus, just as a ringing cell phone could result in your scores getting cancelled, so too could opening and looking at the test booklet before the test officially begins. The proctor will instruct you when to start, so wait for her green light before commencing on your first section. Once you’ve gotten through this morning process, you’ll finally start in on the main event: taking the ACT. Proctor says, get started! By the way, if your proctor's a Bordeaux mastiff, you should be eligible for a makeup test. ACT Test Day: Taking the Test There’s no exact time when you’ll start in on your first section of the ACT. Instead, it depends on how long it takes everything to get settled and to get through the first round of instructions. If you get through the preliminaries fast, then you’ll start around 8:30. If your group takes its time, then you’ll start around 9:00. Most test-takers will start somewhere in between. The ACT consists of four sections, or five if you opt to take the essay. These sections are always in the same order: English, Math, Reading, Science, and optional Writing. Once you start testing, the next few hours will look like this: Begin with the 45-minute English section. When instructed, move immediately onto the 60-minute Math section. Take a 5-minute break. Touch your toes, have a snack, use the restroom. Then return to your desk to complete the next two sections. Take the 35-minute Reading section. When your proctor tells you to do so, move right onto the 35-minute Science section. Gather your things and leave quietly if you’re not taking theWriting section. Enjoy a 5-minute break if you will be writing the essay. After you complete this 40-minute section, you’ll be all finished with the ACT! If you’re not writing the essay, then you’ll be finished around 12:15, perhaps a little earlier or later depending on when you started testing and how strict your proctor was about limiting the breaks to five minutes. If you do write the essay, then you’ll finish around 1:00 in the afternoon. Just as the proctor will lead you through the morning steps with instructions, so too will she tell you when to start and stop each section. She may also give you a five or ten-minute warning when the section’s about to end, perhaps writing the time left on the board. While you’ve done everything you can at this point to prep for taking the ACT, is there anything extra you can do as you test to ensure that everything goes smoothly? Prep with timed practice tests to help you win your race against the clock. Clocks don't have legs, so you're a crowd favorite for first place. Tips for Taking the Test As you’re taking the test, your prep and planning should kick in, helping you with time management strategies and the concepts you studied for the ACT. You should also have familiarized yourself with the order and timing of the test, so that you know exactly what to expect going in. Of course, you should still listen carefully to your proctor’s instructions, but ideally you already know exactly what she’s going to say. You also have to make sure to resist the temptation of flipping forward or backward in your test booklet. Getting a preview of a future section is strictly prohibited, as is going back to fill in an answer or double check a question from a section that’s already concluded. This strict structure is all part of ACT’s confidentiality thing; make sure you don’t look at any section except the one currently open, as shuffling through could result in, you guessed it, score cancellation. This rule also means that you should direct your focus on the task at hand. If you struggled with the English section, try to push it out of your mind and concentrate next on math. Try not to let one section or passage trip you up for the others. You can practice sharpening your focus and mindfulness in the months leading up to the test. In between test sections, you should also definitely take advantage of your designated breaks. The ACT is a long and demanding test that requires a lot of energy. Physically moving around and stretching will get your blood flowing and re-energize you for the sections to come. Looking away from your test will also help reduce eye strain that comes from focusing up close for a long time. Take a walk, stretch, drink water, have a snack; all of these little behaviors will help you recharge and take on the rest of the test. Finally, just as you should be familiar with the structure of the ACT, you should also be aware of your rights as a test-taker. You’re entitled to afive-minute break, or twoif you’re taking the essay. You should get a quiet testing space free of disruptions. The unfortunate reality is that not all testing centers have equal conditions, and many students have had to deal with distracting noise problems, like construction outside their window. Testing environment inequities are one more way that the ACT may not test students on such an equal playing field as it likes to claim. However, you can ensure the best possible testing conditions by being aware of your rights and speaking up if they’re not honored. If your test proctor skips over your designated break, speak up and make sure you get that time to move around and recharge. If you prepare totake the test, focus on the sections at hand, and take advantage of your break times, then you’ll be able to maximize your performance on test day. As for after the test, what do you need to know about finishing up for the day? Tip #1 for finishing up: don't start your 70s-style disco party until you've passed in your test and left the testing center. ACT Test Day: Finishing Up As you read above, your exact end time will vary depending on when you started testing and whether or not you’re taking the essay section at the end. Any discrepancies in break times could also have a small effect on end time. For the most part, students taking the ACT without Writing will be finished around 12:15, while those staying for the essay will be done around 1:00. When you’re finished, the proctor will ask all students to close their test booklets. The proctor will instruct you about any last minute tasks and finally, collect all the testing materials. When you get the green light, you can leave the testing center. Once you’re outside, you can turn your cell phone back on, call for a ride or head home, and enjoy the rest of your day! Tips for Finishing Up While you may feel like turning your cell phone on and sharing with the rest of the world that you finally finished the ACT, I’d advise waiting until you leave the testing center. Especially if you’re not taking the essay section, you should respect that people are still in testing mode and leave quietly so as not to break their concentration. All students should refrain from discussing specific test questions with one another or writing about them online. Just as ACT, Inc strictly prohibits technology, so too does it forbid the sharing of specific test questions. Basically, you should think of your test as being preserved in a big orange envelope with â€Å"Confidential† stamped across it, like a file in the Pentagon. Who knew standardized tests came with such high stakes? Once you leave the testing center, though, feel free to throw your hands up and celebrate all your hard work! Congratulations, you finished the ACT. You’ll get your scores back in about two weeks (and your essay score about two weeks after that). Now that you know the ins and outs of test day, let’s move beyond logistics to discuss what else you can do to prepare yourself for the challenge of test day. What steps can you take to tie up any loose ends and boost your confidence before the big test? How can you channel a lion, nature's most confidentand well-coiffed animal? How to Feel Confident on ACT Test Day There are several strategies you can use to feel calm, cool, and collected for test day. Some are operational, like packing your bag, while others have to do with promoting your physical, mental, and emotional well-being. Let’s go over the most important ones that will help you manage your time and stress and feel your best for the ACT. Pack Your Bag the Night Before Nothing can start the day off on a stressful foot quite like losing your admission ticket. Take this possibility off the table by preparing everything you need the night before. The essential materials are your printed admission ticket, an acceptable photo ID, No. 2 pencils (with erasers), and a calculator. Beyond these necessities, you should probably also bring nutritious snacks and a hydrating drink, like water or Gatorade. You might also bring a watch, as long as it’s silent, to keep track of time. If a watch is just distracting, though, then leave it home. Finally, you could bring along backup batteries for your calculator, just in case! Make sure you don’t have any prohibited materials, like technology with audible alarms or recording capabilities (or, if you do, that they’re turned off and don’t leave your bag). You can’t bring these out at all during the test, not even during break times. Pack your bag in an organized way so that you can easily access everything you need. As long as you put everything together the night before, you can rest easy with the knowledge that the only thing you need to do the next morning is tograb your bag on the way out the door. Prioritize Self-Care Taking care of your well-being should always be a top priority, and it becomes perhaps even more important during times of stress and pressure. Taking the ACT, along with the whole college admission and planning for your future process, certainly qualifies as one of those times. By taking care of your mental, emotional, physical, and perhaps, spiritual state, you can stay healthy and happy and meet these challenges with confidence and self-awareness. How you go about self-care varies by individual, but you should set time aside to engage in activities that you enjoy and that bring you peace of mind. Some of these may include spending time outside, listening to music, doing yoga, practicing meditation, spending time with friends and family, or writing in a journal. Time management techniques might also help you reduce stress in your day to day life and divide up your responsibilities in a manageable way. Self-care is about listening to your internal voice and being kind to yourself. Seek out environments that make you feel good (or clean up the one you’re in). If you haven’t recently, drink a big glass of water. Little gestures of self-care may make you feel better, stronger, and prepared to meet the challenges coming your way. Exercise can also play a big part in the self-care equation. As we learned from Elle Woods (or, at least, my generation did), "Exercise gives you endorphins. Endorphins make you happy. Happy people just don't [crash and burn during the ACT]." (Legally Blonde/MGM/EOnline) Harness the Power of Exercise Exercise is another great way to take care of your physical health, and it can significantly improve your mental and emotional health too. Being active can boost your endorphins, which are neurotransmitters that boost happiness and reduce stress. Getting immersed in exercise can also serve as a sort of meditation, clearing your mind of its typical chatter and allowing you to lose yourself in the present moment. Overcoming physical challenges, furthermore, can make you feel even more capable oftackling other challenges that come along, like taking the ACT. If you play on a sports team, then great; you’ve likely already got a routine of exercise, plus you can enjoy the benefits that come from being part of a team. If exercise isn’t a big part of your schedule, try to make room for walking, running, dancing, swimming, or even an at-home yoga practice. Start at least a month before the ACT, at least for half an hour three times a week, and see if it has any effect on your mood and outlook. If you’re prone to test-taking anxiety or just want to boost your confidence before test day, throwing on your running shoes or rolling out your yoga mat might just be the game-changer you need. Set the Conditions for Quality Sleep Sleeping a peaceful, uninterrupted eight hours the night before a big test mightbe more aspirationthan reality for you, but you can, at least, set the conditions to maximize your sleep before the ACT. Sleep will help you feel positive and alert, plus it’s essential for meeting that early morning wake up call before your 7:30 AM testing center arrival. So how can you try your best to sleep well? There are a few methods you can use. One, you should use the day before your test to relax. You might do a light review, but don’t worry about last-minute cramming - at this point, you’ve done all the studying you can to prepare. In the hour or two before bed, you should try a calming activity, like reading or writing. Screens just stimulate your brain, so try to put away your cell phone or computer before you want to sleep. Researchers also suggest that "blue light" can wreck your sleep, so try dimming the lights or even usinga blue light-blocking app to set sleep-conducive lighting conditions. Calming music can help, as well as sleep-boosting foods like yogurt, milk, bananas, oats, and herbal tea. Just like in our discussion of self-care above, you can consider a holistic approach to getting a good night’s sleep, considering your environment, food, and activities before you go to bed. Bananas have been shown to make people happier. So has looking at pictures of cute animals. So eating a banana while looking at this picture of a squirrel eating a banana has got to be the ultimate happy experience. Fuel Your Brain and Body with Nutritious Snacks The ACT requires a lot of brainpower, and all that power needs to be fueled by an energy source. Wholesome foods and water will sustain you as you work your way through a long morning. Plan out what you’ll eat for breakfast, ideally opting for something with protein and whole grains. Avoid foods that are primarily sugar, as they’ll just give you a spike of energy followed by a big crash. Eat breakfast before you leave, and bring a supply of snacks and drinks to reenergize during breaks. Avoid a mid-morning grumbling stomach so you can focus all your energy on taking the test. Wear Comfy Layers Just as an empty stomach would be distracting, so too would feeling cold, hot, or uncomfortable. Wear layers to prepare for unpredictable classroom temperatures, and choose clothes that are comfortable and make you feel confident. Pick these out the day before to help you get ready faster and easier the morning of the ACT. Think Positive! Have you ever heard about the power of positive thinking? Or of looking at a glass like it’s half-full instead of half-empty? Thinking optimistically can be a choice, to some extent, and it can both reduce stress and improve your performance on high-pressure endeavors, like taking the ACT. To be able to think positively, you have to understand the concept of self-talk. We often have a narrative running through our heads, drawing conclusions, shaping our perceptions, and causing our feelings. Someone who talks very negatively about herself and her surroundings will probably have a harder time succeeding in something like a big test, or, at least, will experience a good deal of stress. Someone who talks more positively about her circumstances and personal abilities may have a heightened chance of success, as well as experience lower levels of stress. Of course, people have all different experiences and circumstances, and some are more naturally prone to pessimism or optimism. Regardless of other variables, though, you can still cultivate awareness of your thoughts and how they impact your feelings and performance. By becoming more aware, you can try to challenge the thoughts that are holding you back and replace them with ones that are more likely to help you feel confident, focus, and succeed. Consider the words of encouragement you’d give to a best friend if she were nervous about the test or doubting her own abilities. Then consider giving that same pep talk to yourself. Focus on your strengths, rather than worrying about your weaknesses. Practice the power of positive thinking and be proud of yourself for taking this step toward the world of higher education! Celebrate all your fabulousstrengths, and feel proud of your commitment to higher education! To Sum Up... The ACT’s a challenging test, and you should do everything you can to prepare for test day. Empower yourself by learning exactly what to expect, and eliminate any unnecessary confusion or surprises on ACT test day. Prepare your bag, lay out your clothes, and figure out your breakfast and snacks the day before. Strike a balance with all your hard work, and prioritize self-care by making time for activities that you enjoy and that leave you feeling good. Finally, embrace the power of positive thinking when it comes to performing your best. As with all of your endeavors, you can continuously improve if you keep putting forth effort and persistence. What's Next? We’ve compiled our best content and strategy guides in one place to help you study for the ACT. Check out our ultimate guides to ACT English, ACT Math, ACT Science, and ACT Reading. Are you taking the ACT with Writing? If so, check out this expert guide to learn how to write an ACT essay, step by step. Do you have any questions about exactly how the ACT is scored? This article will explain the ACT scoring system section by section while also providing scoring charts that show your raw scores get converted to the scale between 1 and 36. Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically.

Wilt Chamberlain Talk Show essays

Wilt Chamberlain Talk Show essays Sampson: from Geoffrey Chaucers The Canterbury Tales: A Monks Tale Antony: from William Shakespeares Antony and Cleopatra Dante: from John Ciardis translated version of The Inferno Wilt Chamberlain: Todays topic is the role of women in our lives. What they do to persuade us, how they manipulate us using their natural traits to bring us to their mercy. Wilt Chamberlain: My guests today, as you may well know them, are: to my immediate right, Sampson, to the far right Antony, and to my left Dante. Sampson: May I start of this debate? I feel that women are the root of ALL evil and have brought mankind itself down. All great men are in some way manipulated by women (p 191). Dante: Now, wait Sampson, not all women are created evil. I on the other hand have had one great and true love my whole life, which was reciprocated fully. Beatrice not only loved me while she was alive, but proved her love to me as she sent Virgil to me as a guide through purgatory (p130). If that does not prove that some females have good in them, nothing will. Wilt Chamberlain: Love only one woman? You mean like just one at a time right? Not for just one day, but for your whole life? I mean I am known for loving hundreds of ladies. Sampson: Well explain this to me, how is it I too could love with all my heart and sole, only to have it formed into a dagger in my back. My wife, whom I should be able to trust more than my own self, took that liberty to give my foes a permit for my end. Wilt Chamberlain: How about you Antony? You have been pretty quiet over there! Antony: Well Sir Chamberlain, leader of the Lakers army, although Cleopatras love and mine had its high points as well as lows, I must agree with Sir Dante that not all women are bad. In fact my lovers own love for me, compelled her to take her own life with a deadly serpent bit ...

Globalization and Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

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Final project part two - Essay Example Data gathered will be analyzed and use this to assessed the hypothesis and prototype design. To be able to present clearly our hypotheses and aim of the project a new methodology will be presented that will involved the assessment of the prototype design. This interim report will also include details of the prototype testing, recommendations for linking full data collection and analysis with the final hypotheses or showing the objectives, review and assessment of project aims, methodology used conclusions, and further work and revision of the original planning timescales and stages. The project aims to develop an online shopping that will satisfy the buyers. In the first part of this project our objective is to be able to present the pros and cons of on-line shopping. Thru this we will be able to encourage the user to use the system. The effectiveness and safety of on-line shopping is one of the objectives. The two important things that we need to consider are the satisfaction and the privacy of the users. This interim report will provide additional support on online shopping. Another objective of this project is to create an agent based framework that will better enable shoppers to experience shopping online in a real space. One advantage of traditional shopping is that there is someone who assists you during your tour in the mall. While in online shopping you will do all the work such as checking the specification of the items you need, the selection of the colour that fits your items and others that can be done for you by merchandisers and salesperson. The prototype design will make shopping as convenient, easy and enjoyable as possible by collaborating with the customers and salesperson or among customers. This will make online shopping experience similar in real shopping environment. Advantages of the Design One of the advantages of this design is that it will make interaction between merchants and purchasers and between clients and visitors easier. This design will help storeowners to improve sales by giving real-time customer support, assistance on sales, cross selling, promotion and individualized care, the mentioned services has been proven to be effective in increasing the sales. The design is chosen to be able to help not only the buyer but the merchants and businesses as well. Since online shopping involves some information about the buyer, the design prototype will ensure that the protocols on on-line shopping are being followed and the identity of the person will not be sold or given to others. An opportunity to model intelligent agent behaviour along existing ethical and legal forms by applying a form of representation not currently applied in most existing e-commerce agents systems. Background Project Description A multi-agent architecture for collaborative e-commerce applications is one of the objectives of this project; this will enable shoppers to enjoy the social shopping experience offline and that respects ethical and legal notions such as personal privacy and protection. Increasing the sale is one of major objectives of E-commerce, to make this possible the prototype design will include E-commerce recommenders. Since gathering information about the products on-line are too large a personalized and customized browser will help the buyer to choose the item that suite